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NAME

File::ShareDir::ProjectDistDir - Simple set-and-forget using of a '/share' directory in your projects root

VERSION

version 1.000009

DETERRENT

STOP!. Before using this distribution, some warnings MUST be considered.

The primary use-case for this module is targeted at development projects that are NOT intended for CPAN.

As such, using it for CPAN is generally a bad idea, and better solutions generally involve the less fragile Test::File::ShareDir, constraining any magical behavior exclusively to where it is needed: Tests.

Why?

Determining whether or not we are dev during runtime is a perilous heuristic that routinely fails with even slightly unusual file system layouts.
Auto-magical changing of behavior at runtime based on the above leads to many surprising and hard to debug problems.

For these reason, it is dangerous to rely on this distribution while striving to produce quality code.

If this documentation is not sufficient to dissuade you, I must strongly implore you to choose the "strict" mechanism, because that substantially reduces the possibilities with regards to false-positive of potential dev directories.

I have in mind to find a better mechanism to deliver the same objective, but no solutions are forthcoming at this time.

SYNOPSIS

package An::Example::Package;

use File::ShareDir::ProjectDistDir;

# during development, $dir will be $projectroot/share
# but once installed, it will be wherever File::Sharedir thinks it is.
my $dir = dist_dir('An-Example')

Project layout requirements:

$project/
$project/lib/An/Example/Package.pm
$project/share/   # files for package 'An-Example' go here.

You can use a directory name other than 'share' ( Assuming you make sure when you install that, you specify the different directory there also ) as follows:

use File::ShareDir::ProjectDistDir ':all', defaults => {
  projectdir => 'templates',
};

METHODS

import

use File::ShareDir::ProjectDistDir (@args);

This uses Sub::Exporter to do the heavy lifting, so most usage of this module can be maximized by understanding that first.

:all
```
->import( ':all' , .... )
```
Import both dist_dir and dist_file
dist_dir
```
->import('dist_dir' , .... )
```
Import the dist_dir method
dist_file
```
->import('dist_file' , .... )
```
Import the dist_file method
projectdir
```
->import( .... , projectdir => 'share' )
```
Specify what the project directory is as a path relative to the base of your distributions source, and this directory will be used as a ShareDir simulation path for the exported methods During development.

If not specified, the default value 'share' is used.
filename
```
->import( .... , filename => 'some/path/to/foo.pm' );
```
Generally you don't want to set this, as its worked out by caller() to work out the name of the file its being called from. This file's path is walked up to find the 'lib' element with a sibling of the name of your projectdir.

distname

->import( .... , distname => 'somedistname' );

Specifying this argument changes the way the functions are emitted at installed runtime, so that instead of taking the standard arguments File::ShareDir does, the specification of the distname in those functions is eliminated.

i.e:

# without this flag
use File::ShareDir::ProjectDistDir qw( :all );

my $dir = dist_dir('example');
my $file = dist_file('example', 'path/to/file.pm' );

# with this flag
use File::ShareDir::ProjectDistDir ( qw( :all ), distname => 'example' );

my $dir = dist_dir();
my $file = dist_file('path/to/file.pm' );

strict
```
->import( ... , strict => 1 );
```
This parameter specifies that all dist sharedirs will occur within the projectdir directory using the following layout:
```
<root>/<projectdir>/dist/<DISTNAME>/
```
As opposed to
```
<root>/<projectdir>
```
This means if Heuristics misfire and accidentally find another distributions share directory, it will not pick up on it unless that share directory also has that layout, and will instead revert to the installdir path in @INC

This parameter may become the default option in the future

Specifying this parameter also mandates you MUST declare the DISTNAME value in your file somewhere. Doing otherwise is considered insanity anyway.
defaults
```
->import( ... , defaults => {
    filename => ....,
    projectdir => ....,
});
```
This is mostly an alternative syntax for specifying filename and projectdir, which is mostly used internally, and their corresponding other values are packed into this one.

Sub::Exporter tricks of note.

Make your own sharedir util

package Foo::Util;

sub import {
    my ($caller_class, $caller_file, $caller_line )  = caller();
    if ( grep { /share/ } @_ ) {
        require File::ShareDir::ProjectDistDir;
        File::ShareDir::ProjectDistDir->import(
            filename => $caller_file,
            dist_dir => { distname => 'myproject' , -as => 'share' },
            dist_dir => { distname => 'otherproject' , -as => 'other_share' , projectdir => 'share2' },
            -into => $caller_class,
        );
    }
}

....

package Foo;
use Foo::Util qw( share );

my $dir = share();
my $other_dir => other_share();

build_dist_dir

use File::ShareDir::ProjectDirDir ( : all );

#  this calls
my $coderef = File::ShareDir::ProjectDistDir->build_dist_dir(
  'dist_dir' => {},
  { defaults => { filename => 'path/to/yourcallingfile.pm', projectdir => 'share' } }
);

use File::ShareDir::ProjectDirDir ( qw( :all ), distname => 'example-dist' );

#  this calls
my $coderef = File::ShareDir::ProjectDistDir->build_dist_dir(
  'dist_dir' => {},
  { distname => 'example-dist', defaults => { filename => 'path/to/yourcallingfile.pm', projectdir => 'share' } }
);

use File::ShareDir::ProjectDirDir
  dist_dir => { distname => 'example-dist', -as => 'mydistdir' },
  dist_dir => { distname => 'other-dist',   -as => 'otherdistdir' };

# This calls
my $coderef = File::ShareDir::ProjectDistDir->build_dist_dir(
  'dist_dir',
  { distname => 'example-dist' },
  { defaults => { filename => 'path/to/yourcallingfile.pm', projectdir => 'share' } },
);
my $othercoderef = File::ShareDir::ProjectDistDir->build_dist_dir(
  'dist_dir',
  { distname => 'other-dist' },
  { defaults => { filename => 'path/to/yourcallingfile.pm', projectdir => 'share' } },
);

# And leverages Sub::Exporter to create 2 subs in your package.

Generates the exported 'dist_dir' method. In development environments, the generated method will return a path to the development directories 'share' directory. In non-development environments, this simply returns File::ShareDir::dist_dir.

As a result of this, specifying the Distribution name is not required during development ( unless in strict mode ), however, it will start to matter once it is installed. This is a potential avenues for bugs if you happen to name it wrong.

In strict mode, the distribution name is ALWAYS REQUIRED, either at least at import or dist_dir() time.

build_dist_file

use File::ShareDir::ProjectDirDir ( : all );

#  this calls
my $coderef = File::ShareDir::ProjectDistDir->build_dist_file(
  'dist_file' => {},
  { defaults => { filename => 'path/to/yourcallingfile.pm', projectdir => 'share' } }
);

use File::ShareDir::ProjectDirDir ( qw( :all ), distname => 'example-dist' );

#  this calls
my $coderef = File::ShareDir::ProjectDistDir->build_dist_file(
  'dist_file' => {},
  { distname => 'example-dist', defaults => { filename => 'path/to/yourcallingfile.pm', projectdir => 'share' } }
);

use File::ShareDir::ProjectDirDir
  dist_file => { distname => 'example-dist', -as => 'mydistfile' },
  dist_file => { distname => 'other-dist',   -as => 'otherdistfile' };

# This calls
my $coderef = File::ShareDir::ProjectDistDir->build_dist_file(
  'dist_file',
  { distname => 'example-dist' },
  { defaults => { filename => 'path/to/yourcallingfile.pm', projectdir => 'share' } },
);
my $othercoderef = File::ShareDir::ProjectDistDir->build_dist_file(
  'dist_file',
  { distname => 'other-dist' },
  { defaults => { filename => 'path/to/yourcallingfile.pm', projectdir => 'share' } },
);

# And leverages Sub::Exporter to create 2 subs in your package.

Generates the 'dist_file' method.

In development environments, the generated method will return a path to the development directories 'share' directory. In non-development environments, this simply returns File::ShareDir::dist_file.

Caveats as a result of package-name as stated in "build_dist_dir" also apply to this method.

SIGNIFICANT CHANGES

1.000000

Strict Mode.

Using Strict Mode

use File::ShareDir::ProjectDistDir ':all', strict => 1;
use File::ShareDir::ProjectDistDir 'dist_dir' => { strict => 1 };

Why you should use strict mode

Starting with 1.000000, there is a parameter strict that changes how sharedir resolution performs.

Without strict:

lib/...
share/...

With strict

lib/...
share/dist/Dist-Name-Here/...

This technique greatly builds resilience to the long standing problem with "develop" vs "install" heuristic ambiguity.

Here at least,

dist_dir('Dist-Name')

Will instead fall back to

@INC/auto/share/dist/Dist-Name

When

share/dist/Dist-Name

Does not exist.

This means if you have a layout like this:

<DEVROOT>/inc/<a local::lib path here>
<DEVROOT>/lib/<development files here>

Then when Foo-Bar-Baz is installed as:

<DEVROOT>/inc/lib/Foo/Bar/Baz.pm
<DEVROOT>/inc/lib/auto/share/dist/Foo-Bar-Baz

Then Baz.pm will not see the DEVROOT and assume "Hey, this is development" and then proceed to try finding files in DEVROOT/share

Instead, DEVROOT must have DEVROOT/share/dist/Foo-Bar-Baz too, otherwise it reverts to DEVROOT/inc/lib/auto...

`Path::Class` interfaces deprecated and dependency dropped.

If you have any dependence on this function, now is the time to get yourself off it.

Minimum Changes to stay with `Path::Class` short term.

As the dependency has been dropped on Path::Class, if you have CPAN modules relying on Path::Class interface, you should now at a very minimum start declaring

{ requires => "Path::Class" }

This will keep your dist working, but will not be future proof against further changes.

Staying with `Path::Class` long term.

Recommended approach if you want to stay using the Path::Class interface:

use File::ShareDir::... etc
use Path::Class qw( dir file );

my $dir = dir( dist_dir('Dist-Name') );

This should future-proof you against anything File::ShareDir may do in the future.

`Versioning Scheme arbitrary converted to float`

This change is a superficial one, and should have no bearing on how significant you think this release is.

It is a significant release, but the primary reason for the version change is simply to avoid compatibility issues in versions themselves.

However, outside that, x.y.z semantics are still intended to be semi-meaningful, just with less . and more 0 ☺

`dev` path determination now deferred to call time instead of `use`

This was essentially a required change to make strict mode plausible, because strict mode _requires_ the distname to be known, even in the development environment.

This should not have any user visible effects, but please, if you have any problems, file a bug.

`file` component determination wrested from `File::ShareDir`.

dist_file('foo','bar')

Is now simply sugar syntax for

path(dist_dir('foo'))->child('bar')

This should have no side effects in your code, but please file any bugs you experience.

( return value is still undef if the file does not exist, and still croak's if the file is not a file, or unreadable, but these may both be subject to change )

0.5.0 - Heuristics and Return type changes

New `devdir` heuristic

Starting with 0.5.0, instead of using our simple lib/../share pattern heuristic, a more advanced heuristic is used from the new Path::FindDev and Path::IsDev.

This relies on a more "concrete" marker somewhere at the top of your development tree, and more importantly, checks for the existence of specific files that are not likely to occur outside a project root.

lib and share based heuristics were a little fragile, for a few reasons:

lib can, and does appear all over UNIX file systems, for purposes other than development project roots.

For instance, have a look in /usr/
```
/usr/bin
/usr/lib
/usr/share  ## UHOH.
```
This would have the very bad side effect of anything installed in /usr/lib thinking its "in development".

Fortunately, nobody seems to have hit this specific bug, which I suspect is due only to /usr/lib being a symbolic link on most x86_64 systems.
lib is also reasonably common within CPAN package names.

For instance:
```
lib::abs
```
Which means you'll have a hierarchy like:
```
$PREFIX/lib/lib/abs
```
All you need for something to go horribly wrong would be for somebody to install a CPAN module named:
```
share::mystuff
```
Or similar, and instantly, you have:
```
$PREFIX/lib/lib/
$PREFIX/lib/share/
```
Which would mean any module calling itself lib::* would be unable to use this module.

So instead, as of 0.5.0, the heuristic revolves around certain specific files being in the dev directory.

Which is hopefully a more fault resilient mechanism.

New Return Types

Starting with 0.5.0, the internals are now based on Path::Tiny instead of Path::Class, and as a result, there may be a few glitches in transition.

Also, previously you could get a Path::Class::* object back from dist_dir and dist_file by importing it as such:

use File::ShareDir::ProjectDistDir
    qw( dist_dir dist_file ),
    defaults => { pathclass => 1 };

Now you can also get Path::Tiny objects back, by passing:

use File::ShareDir::ProjectDistDir
    qw( dist_dir dist_file ),
    defaults => { pathtiny => 1 };

For the time being, you can still get Path::Class objects back, it is deprecated since 1.000000

( In fact, I may even make 2 specific sub-classes of PDD for people who want objects back, as it will make the API and the code much cleaner )

AUTHOR

Kent Fredric <kentnl@cpan.org>

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as the Perl 5 programming language system itself.

To install File::ShareDir::ProjectDistDir, copy and paste the appropriate command in to your terminal.

cpanm

cpanm File::ShareDir::ProjectDistDir

CPAN shell

perl -MCPAN -e shell
install File::ShareDir::ProjectDistDir

For more information on module installation, please visit the detailed CPAN module installation guide.

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