NAME

UR::DataSource - A logical source of data, such as a database.

SYNOPSIS

package MyApp::DataSource::DB;
 
class MyApp::DataSource::DB {
    is => ['UR::DataSource::Oracle','UR::Singleton'],
};
sub server { 'main_db_server' }
sub login  { 'db_user' }
sub auth   { 'db_passwd' }
sub owner  { 'db_owner' }
1;

DESCRIPTION

Data source instances represent a logical souce of data to the application. Most of them are likely to be some kind of relational database, but not all are. UR::DataSource is an abstract base class inherited by other data sources.

In normal use, your data sources will probably inherit from an abstract data source class such as UR::DataSource::Oracle or UR::DataSource::File, as well as UR::Singleton. This makes it easy to link classes to this data source, since the class name will be the same as its ID, and the module autoloader will instantiate it automaticly.

INHERITANCE

UR::Object

Methods

User applications will seldom interact with data sources directly.

autogenerate_new_object_id_for_class_name_and_rule

my $id = $datasource->autogenerate_new_object_id_for_class_name_and_rule($class,$boolexpr);

UR::Object::Type calls this when the application calls create() on a class to create a new instance, but does not specify a value for the ID property. The default implementation throws an exception with die, but UR::DataSource::RDBMS is able to query a sequence in the database to generate unique IDs. A developer implementing a new data source will need to override this method and provide a sensible implementation.

next_dummy_autogenerated_id

my $int = $datasource->next_dummy_autogenerated_id()

In a testing situation, is often preferable to avoid using the database's sequence for ID autogeneration but still make ID values that are unique. UR::DataSource::RDBMS calls this method if the "use_dummy_autogenerated_ids" (see below) flag is true. The IDs generated by this method are unique during the life of the process. In addition, objects with dummy-generated IDs will never be saved to a real data source during UR::Context::commit().

use_dummy_autogenerated_ids

$bool = $datasource->use_dummy_autogenerated_ids();
$datasource->use_dummy_autogenerated_ids($bool);

Get or set a flag controlling how object IDs are autogenerated. Data source child classes should look at the value of this flag inside their implementation of autogenerate_new_object_id_for_class_name_and_rule. If true, they should call next_dummy_autogenerated_id and return that value instead of attempting to generate an ID on their own. This flag is also tied to the UR_USE_DUMMY_AUTOGENERATED_IDS environment variable.

resolve_data_sources_for_rule

$possibly_other_data_source = $data_source->resolve_data_sources_for_rule($boolexpr);

When UR::Context is determining which data source to use to process a get() request, it looks at the class metadata for its data source, and then calls resolve_data_sources_for_rule to give that data source a chance to defer to another data source.

create_iterator_closure_for_rule_template_and_values

$subref = $datasource->create_iterator_closure_for_rule_template_and_values(
                           $boolexpr_tmpl,
                           @values
                       );

A front-end for the more widely used "create_iterator_closure_for_rule"

create_iterator_closure_for_rule

$subref = $datasource->create_iterator_closure_for_rule($boolexpr);

This is the main entry point UR::Context uses to get data from its underlying data sources. There is no default implementation; each subclass implementing specific data source types must supply its own code.

The method must accept a UR::BoolExpr $boolexpr (rule), and return a subref. Each time the subref is called it must return one arrayref of data satisfying the rule, and undef when there is no more data to return.

_sync_database

$bool = $datasource->_sync_database(changed_objects => $listref);

Called by UR::Context commit(). $listref will contain all the changed objects that should be saved to that data source. The default implementation prints a warning message and returns true without saving anything. UR::DataSource::RDBMS has a functioning _sync_database() capable of generating SQL to update, insert and delete rows from the database's tables.

The data source should return true if all the changes were successfully made, false if there were problems.

commit

$bool = $datasource->commit()

Called by UR::Context commit(). After all data sources return true from _sync_database(), commit must make those changes permanent. For RDBMS-type data sources, this commits the transaction.

Return true if the commit is successful, false otherwise.

rollback

$bool = $datasource->rollback()

Called by "commit" in UR::Context if any data sources has problems during _sync_database or commit. It is also called by "rollback" in UR::Context. Data sources should reverse any changes applied during a prior _sync_database that has not been made permanent by commit.

get_default_handle

$scalar = $datasource->get_default_handle();

Should return the "handle" associated with any underlying logical data. For an RDBMS data source, this is the DBI database handle. For a file-based data source, this is the <IO::File> file handle.

create_from_inline_class_data

$datasource = $data_source_class_name->create_from_inline_class_data(
                                           $class_data_hashref,
                                           $datasource_data_hashref
                                       );

Called by the class initializer when a class definition contains an in-line data source definition. See "Inline Data Sources" in UR::Object::Type::Initializer.

_ignore_table

$bool = $datasource->_ignore_table($table_name);

Used to indicate whether the ur update classes command should create a class for the named table or not. If _ignore_table() returns true, then it will not create a class.

Internal API Methods

_get_class_data_for_loading

_generate_class_data_for_loading

$hashref = $datasource->_get_template_data_for_loading($class_meta);

These two methods are called by UR::Context as part of the object loading process. _generate_class_data_for_loading collects information about a class and its metadata, such as property names, subclassing information and tables connected to the class, and stores that data inside the class's metadata object.

_get_class_data_for_loading is the main entry point; it calls _generate_class_data_for_loading if the data has not been generated and cached yet, and caches the data in the class metadata object.

_get_template_data_for_loading

_generate_template_data_for_loading

$hashref = $datasource->_get_template_data_for_loading($boolexpr_tmpl);

These two methods are called by UR::Context as part of the object loading process. _generate_template_data_for_loading collects information from the UR::BoolExpr::Template $boolexpr_tmpl (rule template) and returns a hashref used later by the data source. This hashref includes hints about what classes will be involved in loading the resulting data, how those classes are joined together and how columns in the underlying query against the data source will map to properties of the class.

_get_template_data_for_loading is the main entry point; it calls _generate_template_data_for_loading if the data has not been generated and cached yet, and caches the data in the rule template object.

_generate_loading_templates_arrayref

my $listref = $datasource->_generate_loading_templates_arrayref($listref);

Called by _generate_template_data_for_loading(). The input is a listref of listrefs about properties involved in a query. The second-level data is sets of quads:

1. The class object for this property

2. The property metadata object

3. The database table name the data will come from

4. The "object number", starting with 0. This is used in inheritance or delegation where a table join will be required.

It returns a listref of hashrefs, one hashref for every class involved in the request; usually just 1, but can be more than one if inheritance or delegation is involved. The data includes information about the class's properties, ID properties, and which columns of the result set the values will be found.

MetaDB

Each Namespace created through ur define namespace will have a data source called the MetaDB. For example, the MyApp namespace's MetaDB is called MyApp::DataSource::Meta. The MetaDB is used to store information about the schemas of other data sources in the database. UR itself has a MetaDB with information about the MetaDB's schema, called UR::DataSource::Meta.

SEE ALSO

UR::DataSource::RDBMS

The base class for relational database Data Sources, such as UR::DataSource::Oracle, UR::DataSoure::Pg, UR::DataSource::MySQL and UR::DataSource::SQLite

UR::DataSource::File,

The base class for comma/tab delimited files

UR::DataSource::FileMux

The base class for file multiplexor data sources.

UR::Context, UR::DataSource::Meta