NAME

DBIx::Class::ResultDDL - Sugar methods for declaring DBIx::Class::Result data definitions

VERSION

version 2.01

SYNOPSIS

package MyApp::Schema::Result::Artist;
use DBIx::Class::ResultDDL qw/ -V2 -inflate_datetime -inflate_json /;

table 'artist';
col id           => integer unsigned auto_inc;
col name         => varchar(25), null;
col formed       => date;
col disbanded    => date, null;
col general_info => json null;
col last_update  => datetime('UTC');
primary_key 'id';

idx artist_by_name => [ 'name' ];

has_many albums => { id => 'Album.artist_id' };
rel_many impersonators => { name => 'Artist.name' };

DESCRIPTION

This is Yet Another Sugar Module for building DBIC result classes. It provides a domain-specific-language that feels almost like writing DDL.

This module heavily pollutes your symbol table in the name of extreme convenience, so the -Vx option has the added feature of automatically removing those symbols at end-of-scope as if you had said use namespace::clean;.

This module has a versioned API, to help prevent name collisions. If you request the -Vx behavior, you can rely on that to remain the same across upgrades.

EXPORTED FEATURES

This module is based on Exporter::Extensible, allowing all the import notations that module provides. Every export beginning with a dash indicates custom behavior, rather than just a simple export of symbols.

`-swp`

"Strict, Warnings, Parent".

Enable use strict and use warnings unless those flags have been changed from the default via other means. In other words, you can still use Moo or use common::sense without this option overriding your choice.

Then, use parent "DBIx::Class::Core" unless the class already has an add_column method. If add_column exists it is presumably because you already declared a parent class. Note that this check happens at BEGIN-time, so if you use Moo and extends 'SomeClass'; you need to wrap that in a begin block before the use DBIx::Class::ResultDDL -V2 line.

`-autoclean`

Remove all added symbols at the end of current scope.

`-V2`

Implies -swp, :V2, and -autoclean.

`-V1`

Implies -swp, :V1, and -autoclean.

`-V0`

Implies -swp, :V0, and -autoclean.

`-inflate_datetime`

Inflate all date columns to DateTime objects, by adding the DBIC component DBIx::Class::InflateColumn::DateTime.

`-inflate_json`

Causes all columns declared with json or jsonb sugar methods to also declare "inflate_json". This requires DBIx::Class::InflateColumn::Serializer to be installed (which is not an official dependency of this module).

`-retrieve_defaults`

Causes all columns having a default_value to also set retrieve_on_insert => 1. This way after an insert for a row having a date column with default_value => \'NOW()', the row object will hold the value of NOW() that was generated by the database.

See "retrieve_on_insert" in DBIx::Class::ResultSource for details on the column flag.

This feature has no way of knowing about the existence of defaults in the database unless they were declared here in DBIx::Class metadata, nor does it know about triggers or other things that could cause the inserted row to be different from the insert request.

EXPORTED COLLECTIONS

`:V2`

This tag selects the following symbols:

table view
col
  null default auto_inc fk
  integer unsigned tinyint smallint bigint decimal numeric money
  float float4 float8 double real
  char varchar nchar nvarchar MAX binary varbinary bit varbit
  blob tinyblob mediumblob longblob text tinytext mediumtext longtext ntext bytea
  date datetime timestamp enum bool boolean
  uuid json jsonb inflate_json array
primary_key idx create_index unique sqlt_add_index sqlt_add_constraint
rel_one rel_many has_one might_have has_many belongs_to many_to_many
  ddl_cascade dbic_cascade

`:V1`

See DBIx::Class::ResultDDL::V1. The primary difference from V2 is a bug in datetime($timezone) where the timezone generated the wrong DBIC arguments. Also it didn't support -retrieve_defaults.

`:V0`

See DBIx::Class::ResultDDL::V0. The primary difference from V1 is lack of array column support, lack of index declaration support, and sugar methods do not pass through leftover unknown arguments. Also new Postgres column types were added in V1.

EXPORTED FUNCTIONS

table

table 'foo';
# becomes...
__PACKAGE__->table('foo');

col

col $name, @options;
# becomes...
__PACKAGE__->add_column($name, { is_nullable => 0, @merged_options });

Define a column. This calls add_column after sensibly merging all your options. It defaults the column to not-null for you, but you can override that by saying null in your options. You will probably use many of the methods below to build the options for the column:

expand_col_options

This is a utility function that performs most of the work of "col". Given the list of arguments returned by the sugar functions below, it returns a hashref of official options for "add_column" in DBIx::Class::ResultSource.

(It is not exported as part of any tag)

null

is_nullable => 1

auto_inc

is_auto_increment => 1, 'extra.auto_increment_type' => 'monotonic'

(The 'monotonic' bit is required to correctly deploy on SQLite. You can read the gory details but the short version is that SQLite gives you "fake" autoincrement by default, and you only get real ANSI-style autoincrement if you ask for it. SQL::Translator doesn't ask for the extra work by default, but if you're declaring columns by hand expecting it to be platform-neutral, then you probably want this. SQLite also requires data_type "integer", and for it to be the primary key.)

fk

is_foreign_key => 1

default

# Call:                       Becomes:
default($value)               default_value => $value
default(@value)               default_value => [ @value ]

integer, tinyint, smallint, bigint, unsigned

integer                       data_type => 'integer',   size => 11
integer($size)                data_type => 'integer',   size => $size
integer[]                     data_type => 'integer[]', size => 11
integer $size,[]              data_type => 'integer[]', size => $size

# MySQL variants
tinyint                       data_type => 'tinyint',   size => 4
smallint                      data_type => 'smallint',  size => 6
bigint                        data_type => 'bigint',    size => 22
# MySQL specific flag which can be combined with int types
unsigned                      extra => { unsigned => 1 }

numeric, decimal

numeric                       data_type => 'numeric'
numeric($p)                   data_type => 'numeric', size => [ $p ]
numeric($p,$s)                data_type => 'numeric', size => [ $p, $s ]
numeric[]                     data_type => 'numeric[]'
numeric $p,$s,[]              data_type => 'numeric[]', size => [ $p, $s ]

# Same API for decimal
decimal ...                   data_type => 'decimal' ...

money

money                         data_type => 'money'
money[]                       data_type => 'money[]'

real, float4, double, float8

real                          data_type => 'real'
rea[]                         data_type => 'real[]'
float4                        data_type => 'float4'
float4[]                      data_type => 'float4[]'
double                        data_type => 'double precision'
double[]                      data_type => 'double precision[]'
float8                        data_type => 'float8'
float8[]                      data_type => 'float8[]'

float

# Call:                       Becomes:
float                         data_type => 'float'
float($bits)                  data_type => 'float', size => $bits
float[]                       data_type => 'float[]'
float $bits,[]                data_type => 'float[]', size => $bits

SQLServer and Postgres offer this, where $bits is the number of bits of precision of the mantissa. Array notation is supported for Postgres.

char, nchar, bit

# Call:                       Becomes:
char                          data_type => 'char', size => 1
char($size)                   data_type => 'char', size => $size
char[]                        data_type => 'char[]', size => 1
char $size,[]                 data_type => 'char[]', size => $size

# Same API for the others
nchar ...                     data_type => 'nchar' ...
bit ...                       data_type => 'bit' ...

nchar (SQL Server unicode char array) has an identical API but returns data_type => 'nchar'

Note that Postgres allows "bit" to have a size, like char($size) but SQL Server uses "bit" only to represent a single bit.

varchar, nvarchar, binary, varbinary, varbit

varchar                       data_type => 'varchar'
varchar($size)                data_type => 'varchar', size => $size
varchar(MAX)                  data_type => 'varchar', size => "MAX"
varchar[]                     data_type => 'varchar[]'
varchar $size,[]              data_type => 'varchar[]', size => $size

# Same API for the others
nvarchar ...                  data_type => 'nvarchar' ...
binary ...                    data_type => 'binary' ...
varbinary ...                 data_type => 'varbinary' ...
varbit ...                    data_type => 'varbit' ...

Unlike char/varchar relation, binary does not default the size to 1.

MAX

Constant for "MAX", used by SQL Server for varchar(MAX).

blob, tinyblob, mediumblob, longblob, bytea

blob                          data_type => 'blob',
blob($size)                   data_type => 'blob', size => $size

# MySQL specific variants:
tinyblob                      data_type => 'tinyblob', size => 0xFF
mediumblob                    data_type => 'mediumblob', size => 0xFFFFFF
longblob                      data_type => 'longblob', size => 0xFFFFFFFF

# Postgres blob type is 'bytea'
bytea                         data_type => 'bytea'
bytea[]                       data_type => 'bytea[]'

Note: For MySQL, you need to change the type according to '$size'. A MySQL blob is 2^16 max length, and probably none of your binary data would be that small. Consider mediumblob or longblob, or consider overriding My::Schema::sqlt_deploy_hook to perform this conversion automatically according to which DBMS you are connected to.

For SQL Server, newer versions deprecate blob in favor of VARCHAR(MAX). This is another detail you might take care of in sqlt_deploy_hook.

text, tinytext, mediumtext, longtext, ntext

text                          data_type => 'text',
text($size)                   data_type => 'text', size => $size
text[]                        data_type => 'text[]'

# MySQL specific variants:
tinytext                      data_type => 'tinytext', size => 0xFF
mediumtext                    data_type => 'mediumtext', size => 0xFFFFFF
longtext                      data_type => 'longtext', size => 0xFFFFFFFF

# SQL Server unicode variant:
ntext                         data_type => 'ntext', size => 0x3FFFFFFF
ntext($size)                  data_type => 'ntext', size => $size

See MySQL notes in blob. For SQL Server, you might want ntext or nvarchar(MAX) instead. Postgres does not use a size, and allows arrays of this type.

Newer versions of SQL-Server prefer nvarchar(MAX) instead of ntext.

enum

enum(@values)                 data_type => 'enum', extra => { list => [ @values ] }

This function cannot take pass-through arguments, since every argument is an enum value.

bool, boolean

bool                          data_type => 'boolean'
bool[]                        data_type => 'boolean[]'
boolean                       data_type => 'boolean'
boolean[]                     data_type => 'boolean[]'

Note that SQL Server doesn't support 'boolean', the closest being 'bit', though in postgres 'bit' is used for bitstrings.

date

date                          data_type => 'date'
date[]                        data_type => 'date[]'

datetime, timestamp

datetime                      data_type => 'datetime'
datetime($tz)                 data_type => 'datetime', timezone => $tz
datetime[]                    data_type => 'datetime[]'
datetime $tz, []              data_type => 'datetime[]', timezone => $tz

# Same API
timestamp ...                 data_type => 'timestamp', ...

NOTE that datetime and timestamp had a bug before version 2 which set "time_zone" instead of "timezone", causing the time zone (applied to DateTime objects by the inflator) to not take effect, resulting in "floating" timezone DateTime objects.

array

array($type)                  data_type => $type.'[]'
array(@dbic_attrs)            data_type => $type.'[]', @other_attrs
# i.e.
array numeric(10,3)           data_type => 'numeric[]', size => [10,3]

Declares a postgres array type by appending "[]" to a type name. The type name can be given as a single string, or as any sugar function that returns a data_type => $type pair of elements.

uuid

uuid                          data_type => 'uuid'
uuid[]                        data_type => 'uuid[]'

json, jsonb

json                          data_type => 'json'
json[]                        data_type => 'json[]'
jsonb                         data_type => 'jsonb'
jsonb[]                       data_type => 'jsonb[]'

If -inflate_json use-line option was given, this will additionally imply "inflate_json".

inflate_json

inflate_json                  serializer_class => 'JSON'

This first loads the DBIC component DBIx::Class::InflateColumn::Serializer into the current package if it wasn't added already. Note that that module is not a dependency of this one and needs to be installed separately.

primary_key

primary_key(@cols)

Shortcut for __PACKAGE__->set_primary_key(@cols)

unique

unique($name?, \@cols)

Shortucut for __PACKAGE__->add_unique_constraint($name? \@cols)

belongs_to

belongs_to $rel_name, $peer_class, $condition, @attr_list;
belongs_to $rel_name, { colname => "$ResultClass.$colname" }, @attr_list;
# becomes...
__PACKAGE__->belongs_to($rel_name, $peer_class, $condition, { @attr_list });

Note that the normal DBIC belongs_to requires conditions to be of the form

{ "foreign.$their_col" => "self.$my_col" }

but all these sugar functions allow it to be written the other way around, and use a Result Class name in place of "foreign.". The Result Class may be a fully qualified package name, or just the final component if it is in the same parent package namespace as the current package.

might_have

might_have $rel_name, $peer_class, $condition, @attr_list;
might_have $rel_name, { colname => "$ResultClass.$colname" }, @attr_list;
# becomes...
__PACKAGE__->might_have($rel_name, $peer_class, $condition, { @attr_list });

has_one

has_one $rel_name, $peer_class, $condition, @attr_list;
has_one $rel_name, { colname => "$ResultClass.$colname" }, @attr_list;
# becomes...
__PACKAGE__->has_one($rel_name, $peer_class, $condition, { @attr_list });

has_many

has_many $rel_name, $peer_class, $condition, @attr_list;
has_many $rel_name, { colname => "$ResultClass.$colname" }, @attr_list;
# becomes...
__PACKAGE__->has_many($rel_name, $peer_class, $condition, { @attr_list });

many_to_many

many_to_many $name => $rel_to_linktable, $rel_from_linktable;
# becomes...
__PACKAGE__->many_to_many(@_);

rel_one

Declares a single-record left-join relation without implying ownership. Note that the DBIC relations that do imply ownership like might_have cause an implied deletion of the related row if you delete a row from this table that references it, even if your schema did not have a cascading foreign key. This DBIC feature is controlled by the cascading_delete option, and using this sugar function to set up the relation defaults that feature to "off".

rel_one $rel_name, $peer_class, $condition, @attr_list;
rel_one $rel_name, { $mycol => "$ResultClass.$fcol", ... }, @attr_list;
# becomes...
__PACKAGE__->add_relationship(
  $rel_name, $peer_class, { "foreign.$fcol" => "self.$mycol" },
  {
    join_type => 'LEFT',
    accessor => 'single',
    cascade_copy => 0,
    cascade_delete => 0,
    is_depends_on => $is_f_pk, # auto-detected, unless specified
    ($is_f_pk? fk_columns => { $mycol => 1 } : ()),
    @attr_list
  }
);

rel_many

rel_many $name => { $my_col => "$class.$col", ... }, @options;

Same as "rel_one", but generates a one-to-many relation with a multi-accessor.

ddl_cascade

ddl_cascade;     # same as ddl_cascade("CASCADE");
ddl_cascade(1);  # same as ddl_cascade("CASCADE");
ddl_cascade(0);  # same as ddl_cascade("RESTRICT");
ddl_cascade($mode);

Helper method to generate @options for above. It generates

on_update => $mode, on_delete => $mode

This does not affect client-side cascade, and is only used by Schema::Loader to generate DDL for the foreign keys when the table is deployed.

dbic_cascade

dbic_cascade;  # same as dbic_cascade(1)
dbic_cascade($enabled);

Helper method to generate @options for above. It generates

cascade_copy => $enabled, cascade_delete => $enabled

This re-enables the dbic-side cascading that was disabled by default in the rel_ functions.

view

view $view_name, $view_sql, %options;

Makes the current resultsource into a view. This is used instead of 'table'. Takes two options, 'is_virtual', to make this into a virtual view, and 'depends' to list tables this view depends on.

Is the equivalent of

__PACKAGE__->table_class('DBIx::Class::ResultSource::View');
__PACKAGE__->table($view_name);

__PACKAGE__->result_source_instance->view_definition($view_sql);
__PACKAGE__->result_source_instance->deploy_depends_on($options{depends});
__PACKAGE__->result_source_instance->is_virtual($options{is_virtual});

INDEXES AND CONSTRAINTS

DBIx::Class doesn't actually track the indexes or constraints on a table. If you want to add these to be automatically deployed with your schema, you need an sqlt_deploy_hook function. This module can create one for you, but does not yet attempt to wrap one that you provide. (You can of course wrap the one generated by this module using a method modifier from Class::Method::Modifiers) The method sqlt_deploy_hook is created in the current package the first time one of these functions are called. If it already exists and wasn't created by DBIx::Class::ResultDDL, it will throw an exception. The generated method does call maybe::next::method for you.

sqlt_add_index

This is a direct passthrough to the function "add_index" in SQL::Translator::Schema::Table, without any magic.

See notes above about the generated sqlt_deploy_hook.

sqlt_add_constraint

This is a direct passthrough to the function "add_constraint" in SQL::Translator::Schema::Table, without any magic.

See notes above about the generated sqlt_deploy_hook.

create_index

create_index $index_name => \@fields, %options;

This is sugar for sqlt_add_index. It translates to

sqlt_add_index( name => $index_name, fields => \@fields, options => \%options, (type => ?) );

where the %options are the "options" in SQL::Translator::Schema::Index, except if one of the keys is type, then that key/value gets pulled out and used as "type" in SQL::Translator::Schema::Index.

idx

Alias for "create_index"; lines up nicely with 'col'.

MISSING FUNCTIONALITY

The methods above in most cases allow you to insert plain-old-DBIC notation where appropriate, instead of relying purely on sugar methods. If you are missing your favorite column flag or something, feel free to contribute a patch.

THANKS

Thanks to Clippard Instrument Laboratory Inc. and Ellis, Partners in Management Solutions for supporting open source, including portions of this module.

AUTHOR

Michael Conrad <mconrad@intellitree.com>

CONTRIBUTOR

Veesh Goldman <rabbiveesh@gmail.com>

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as the Perl 5 programming language system itself.

To install DBIx::Class::ResultDDL, copy and paste the appropriate command in to your terminal.

cpanm

cpanm DBIx::Class::ResultDDL

CPAN shell

perl -MCPAN -e shell
install DBIx::Class::ResultDDL

For more information on module installation, please visit the detailed CPAN module installation guide.

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NAME

VERSION

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

EXPORTED FEATURES

-swp

-autoclean

-V2

-V1

-V0

-inflate_datetime

-inflate_json

-retrieve_defaults

EXPORTED COLLECTIONS

:V2

:V1

:V0

EXPORTED FUNCTIONS

table

col

expand_col_options

null

auto_inc

fk

default

integer, tinyint, smallint, bigint, unsigned

numeric, decimal

money

real, float4, double, float8

float

char, nchar, bit

varchar, nvarchar, binary, varbinary, varbit

MAX

blob, tinyblob, mediumblob, longblob, bytea

text, tinytext, mediumtext, longtext, ntext

enum

bool, boolean

date

datetime, timestamp

array

uuid

json, jsonb

inflate_json

primary_key

unique

belongs_to

might_have

has_one

has_many

many_to_many

rel_one

rel_many

ddl_cascade

dbic_cascade

view

INDEXES AND CONSTRAINTS

sqlt_add_index

sqlt_add_constraint

create_index

idx

MISSING FUNCTIONALITY

THANKS

AUTHOR

CONTRIBUTOR

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

Module Install Instructions

`-swp`

`-autoclean`

`-V2`

`-V1`

`-V0`

`-inflate_datetime`

`-inflate_json`

`-retrieve_defaults`

`:V2`

`:V1`

`:V0`