NAME

MIME::Words - deal with RFC-1522 encoded words

SYNOPSIS

use MIME::Words qw(:all);   
 
# Decode the string into another string, forgetting the charsets:
$decoded = decode_mimewords(
      'To: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?Keld_J=F8rn_Simonsen?= <keld@dkuug.dk>',
      );

# Split string into array of decoded [DATA,CHARSET] pairs:
@decoded = decode_mimewords(
      'To: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?Keld_J=F8rn_Simonsen?= <keld@dkuug.dk>',
      );
 
# Encode a single unsafe word:
$encoded = encode_mimeword("\xABFran\xE7ois\xBB");

# Encode a string, trying to find the unsafe words inside it: 
$encoded = encode_mimewords("Me and \xABFran\xE7ois\xBB at the beach");

DESCRIPTION

Fellow Americans, you probably won't know what the hell this module is for. Europeans, Russians, et al, you probably do. :-).

For example, here's a valid MIME header you might get:

From: =?US-ASCII?Q?Keith_Moore?= <moore@cs.utk.edu>
To: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?Keld_J=F8rn_Simonsen?= <keld@dkuug.dk>
CC: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?Andr=E9_?= Pirard <PIRARD@vm1.ulg.ac.be>
Subject: =?ISO-8859-1?B?SWYgeW91IGNhbiByZWFkIHRoaXMgeW8=?=
 =?ISO-8859-2?B?dSB1bmRlcnN0YW5kIHRoZSBleGFtcGxlLg==?=
 =?US-ASCII?Q?.._cool!?=

The fields basically decode to (sorry, I can only approximate the Latin characters with 7 bit sequences /o and 'e):

From: Keith Moore <moore@cs.utk.edu>
To: Keld J/orn Simonsen <keld@dkuug.dk>
CC: Andr'e  Pirard <PIRARD@vm1.ulg.ac.be>
Subject: If you can read this you understand the example... cool!

PUBLIC INTERFACE

decode_mimewords ENCODED, [OPTS...]

Go through the string looking for RFC-1522-style "Q" (quoted-printable, sort of) or "B" (base64) encoding, and decode them.

In an array context, splits the ENCODED string into a list of decoded [DATA, CHARSET] pairs, and returns that list. Unencoded data are returned in a 1-element array [DATA], giving an effective CHARSET of undef.

$enc = '=?ISO-8859-1?Q?Keld_J=F8rn_Simonsen?= <keld@dkuug.dk>';
foreach (decode_mimewords($enc)) {
    print "", ($_[1] || 'US-ASCII'), ": ", $_[0], "\n";
}

In a scalar context, joins the "data" elements of the above list together, and returns that. This is information-lossy, but if you know that all charsets in the ENCODED string are identical, it might be useful to you.

In the event of a syntax error, $@ will be set to a description of the error, but parsing will continue as best as possible (so as to get something back when decoding headers). $@ will be false if no error was detected.

Any arguments past the ENCODED string are taken to define a hash of options:

Field

Name of the mail field this string came from. Currently ignored.

encode_mimeword RAW, [ENCODING], [CHARSET]

Encode a single RAW "word" that has unsafe characters.

# Encode "<<Franc,ois>>":
$encoded = encode_mimeword("\xABFran\xE7ois\xBB");

You may specify the ENCODING ("Q" or "B"), which defaults to "Q". You may specify the CHARSET, which defaults to iso-8859-1.

The "word" will be encoded in its entirety.

encode_mimewords RAW, [OPTS]

Given a RAW string, try to find and encode all "unsafe" sequences of characters:

# Encode a string with some unsafe "words":
$encoded = encode_mimewords("Me and \xABFran\xE7ois\xBB at the beach");

Returns the encoded string. Any arguments past the RAW string are taken to define a hash of options:

Charset

Encode all unsafe stuff with this charset. Default is 'ISO-8859-1', a.k.a. "Latin-1".

Encoding

The encoding to use, "q" or "b". The default is "q".

Field

Name of the mail field this string will be used in. Currently ignored.

Warning: this is a quick-and-dirty solution, intended for character sets which overlap ASCII. You may want to roll your own variant, using encoded_mimeword(), for your application.

NOTES

Exports its principle functions by default, in keeping with MIME::Base64 and MIME::QuotedPrint.

AUTHOR

Copyright (c) 1997 by Eryq, eryq@zeegee.com.

All rights reserved. This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.

Thanks also to...

Kent Boortz        For providing the idea, and the baseline 
                   RFC-1522-decoding code!
kjj@primenet.com   For requesting that this be split into
                   its own module.
Stephane Barizien  For reporting a nasty bug.

VERSION

$Revision: 4.102 $ $Date: 1998/06/03 04:11:47 $