NAME
Devel::SmallProf - per-line Perl profiler
SYNOPSIS
perl5 -d:SmallProf test.plDESCRIPTION
The Devel::SmallProf profiler is focused on the time taken for a program run on a line-by-line basis. It is intended to be as "small" in terms of impact on the speed and memory usage of the profiled program as possible and also in terms of being simple to use. It collects statistics on the run times of the lines in the various files being run. Those statistics are placed in the file smallprof.out in the following format:
<num> <time> <file>:<line>:<text>where <num> is the number of times that the line was executed, <time> is the amount of time spent executing it and <file>, <line> and <text> are the filename, the line number and the actual text of the executed line (read from the file).
The package uses the debugging hooks in Perl and thus needs the -d switch, so to profile test.pl, use the command:
perl5 -d:SmallProf test.plOnce the script is done, the statistics in smallprof.out can be sorted to show which lines took the most time. The output can be sorted to find which lines take the longest, either with the sort command:
sort -nrk 2 smallprof.out | lessor a perl script:
open(PROF,"smallprof.out");
@sorted = sort {(split(/\s+/,$b))[2] <=>
(split(/\s+/,$a))[2]} <PROF>;
close PROF;
print join('',@sorted);NOTES
Determining the accuracy or signifiance of the results is left as an exercise for the reader. I've tried to keep the timings pretty much just to the profiled code, but no guarantees of any kind are made.
SmallProf does attempt to make up for its shortcomings by subtracting a small amount from each timing (null time compensation). This should help somewhat with the accuracy.
SmallProf depends on the Time::HiRes package to do its timings except for the Win32 version which depends on Win32::API.
VARIABLES
SmallProf has 3 variables which can be used during your script to affect what gets profiled.
If you do not wish to see lines which were never called, set the variable
$DB::drop_zeros = 1.To turn off profiling for a time, insert a
$DB::profile = 0into your code (profiling may be turned back on with$DB::profile = 1). All of the time between profiling being turned off and back on again will be lumped together and reported on the$DB::profile = 0line. This can be used to summarize a subroutine call or a chunk of code.To only profile code in a certain package, set the
%DB::packagesarray. For example, to see only the code in packagesmainandTest1, do this:%DB::packages = ( 'main' => 1, 'Test1' => 1 );
INSTALLATION
Makefile.PL checks to see if this is a Win32 platform and runs a conversion subroutine on SmallProf prior to installation. I've not been able to test this, but have hopes that it will install on most platforms smoothly. As always, please let me know.
BUGS
The handling of evals is bad news. This is due to Perl's handling of evals under the -d flag. For certain evals, caller() returns '(eval n)' for the filename and for others it doesn't. For some of those which it does, the array @{'_<filename'} contains the code of the eval. For others it doesn't. Sometime, when I've an extra tuit or two, I'll figure out why and how I can compensate for this.
The conversion to the Win32 version is done during the call to Makefile.PL. This seems fairly inappropriate, but I'm not sure where better to do it.
Comments, advice and questions are welcome. If you see inefficent stuff in this module and have a better way, please let me know.
AUTHOR
Ted Ashton <ashted@southern.edu>
SmallProf was developed from code originally posted to usenet by Philippe Verdret <philippe.verdret@sonovision-itep.fr>. Special thanks to Geoffrey Broadwell <habusan2@sprynet.com> for the Win32 code.
Copyright (c) 1997 Ted Ashton
This module is free software and can be redistributed and/or modified under the same terms as Perl itself.