NAME
SQL::Abstract::Pg - PostgreSQL
SYNOPSIS
use SQL::Abstract::Pg;
my $abstract = SQL::Abstract::Pg->new;
say $abstract->select('some_table');DESCRIPTION
SQL::Abstract::Pg extends SQL::Abstract with a few PostgreSQL features used by Mojo::Pg.
JSON
In many places (as supported by SQL::Abstract) you can use the -json unary op to encode JSON from Perl data structures.
# "UPDATE some_table SET foo = '[1,2,3]' WHERE bar = 23"
$abstract->update('some_table', {foo => {-json => [1, 2, 3]}}, {bar => 23});
# "SELECT * FROM some_table WHERE foo = '[1,2,3]'"
$abstract->select('some_table', '*', {foo => {'=' => {-json => [1, 2, 3]}}});INSERT
$abstract->insert($table, \@values || \%fieldvals, \%options);ON CONFLICT
The on_conflict option can be used to generate INSERT queries with ON CONFLICT clauses. So far, undef to pass DO NOTHING, array references to pass DO UPDATE with conflict targets and a SET expression, scalar references to pass literal SQL and array reference references to pass literal SQL with bind values are supported.
# "INSERT INTO t (a) VALUES ('b') ON CONFLICT DO NOTHING"
$abstract->insert('t', {a => 'b'}, {on_conflict => undef});
# "INSERT INTO t (a) VALUES ('b') ON CONFLICT DO NOTHING"
$abstract->insert('t', {a => 'b'}, {on_conflict => \'do nothing'});This includes operations commonly referred to as upsert.
# "INSERT INTO t (a) VALUES ('b') ON CONFLICT (a) DO UPDATE SET a = 'c'"
$abstract->insert('t', {a => 'b'}, {on_conflict => [a => {a => 'c'}]});
# "INSERT INTO t (a, b) VALUES ('c', 'd') ON CONFLICT (a, b) DO UPDATE SET a = 'e'"
$abstract->insert('t', {a => 'c', b => 'd'}, {on_conflict => [['a', 'b'] => {a => 'e'}]});
# "INSERT INTO t (a) VALUES ('b') ON CONFLICT (a) DO UPDATE SET a = 'c'"
$abstract->insert('t', {a => 'b'}, {on_conflict => \['(a) do update set a = ?', 'c']});SELECT
$abstract->select($source, $fields, $where, $order);
$abstract->select($source, $fields, $where, \%options);AS
The $fields argument now also accepts array references containing array references with field names and aliases, as well as array references containing scalar references to pass literal SQL and array reference references to pass literal SQL with bind values.
# "SELECT foo AS bar FROM some_table"
$abstract->select('some_table', [[foo => 'bar']]);
# "SELECT foo, bar AS baz, yada FROM some_table"
$abstract->select('some_table', ['foo', [bar => 'baz'], 'yada']);
# "SELECT EXTRACT(EPOCH FROM foo) AS foo, bar FROM some_table"
$abstract->select('some_table', [\'extract(epoch from foo) AS foo', 'bar']);
# "SELECT 'test' AS foo, bar FROM some_table"
$abstract->select('some_table', [\['? AS foo', 'test'], 'bar']);JOIN
The $source argument now also accepts array references containing not only table names, but also array references with tables to generate JOIN clauses for.
# "SELECT * FROM foo JOIN bar ON (bar.foo_id = foo.id)"
$abstract->select(['foo', ['bar', foo_id => 'id']]);
# "SELECT * FROM foo JOIN bar ON (foo.id = bar.foo_id)"
$abstract->select(['foo', ['bar', 'foo.id' => 'bar.foo_id']]);
# "SELECT * FROM a JOIN b ON (b.a_id = a.id) JOIN c ON (c.a_id = a.id)"
$abstract->select(['a', ['b', a_id => 'id'], ['c', a_id => 'id']]);
# "SELECT * FROM foo LEFT JOIN bar ON (bar.foo_id = foo.id)"
$abstract->select(['foo', [-left => 'bar', foo_id => 'id']]);
# "SELECT * FROM a LEFT JOIN b ON (b.a_id = a.id AND b.a_id2 = a.id2)"
$abstract->select(['a', [-left => 'b', a_id => 'id', a_id2 => 'id2']]);ORDER BY
Alternatively to the $order argument accepted by SQL::Abstract you can now also pass a hash reference with various options. This includes order_by, which takes the same values as the $order argument.
# "SELECT * FROM some_table ORDER BY foo DESC"
$abstract->select('some_table', '*', undef, {order_by => {-desc => 'foo'}});LIMIT/OFFSET
The limit and offset options can be used to generate SELECT queries with LIMIT and OFFSET clauses.
# "SELECT * FROM some_table LIMIT 10"
$abstract->select('some_table', '*', undef, {limit => 10});
# "SELECT * FROM some_table OFFSET 5"
$abstract->select('some_table', '*', undef, {offset => 5});
# "SELECT * FROM some_table LIMIT 10 OFFSET 5"
$abstract->select('some_table', '*', undef, {limit => 10, offset => 5});GROUP BY
The group_by option can be used to generate SELECT queries with GROUP BY clauses. So far, array references to pass a list of fields and scalar references to pass literal SQL are supported.
# "SELECT * FROM some_table GROUP BY foo, bar"
$abstract->select('some_table', '*', undef, {group_by => ['foo', 'bar']});
# "SELECT * FROM some_table GROUP BY foo, bar"
$abstract->select('some_table', '*', undef, {group_by => \'foo, bar'});HAVING
The having option can be used to generate SELECT queries with HAVING clauses, which takes the same values as the $where argument.
# "SELECT * FROM t GROUP BY a HAVING b = 'c'"
$abstract->select('t', '*', undef, {group_by => ['a'], having => {b => 'c'}});FOR
The for option can be used to generate SELECT queries with FOR clauses. So far, the scalar value update to pass UPDATE and scalar references to pass literal SQL are supported.
# "SELECT * FROM some_table FOR UPDATE"
$abstract->select('some_table', '*', undef, {for => 'update'});
# "SELECT * FROM some_table FOR UPDATE SKIP LOCKED"
$abstract->select('some_table', '*', undef, {for => \'update skip locked'});METHODS
SQL::Abstract::Pg inherits all methods from SQL::Abstract.