NAME
Selenium::Remote::WebElement - Representation of an HTML Element used by Selenium Remote Driver
VERSION
version 1.24
DESCRIPTION
Selenium Webdriver represents all the HTML elements as WebElements. This module provides a mechanism to represent them as objects & perform various actions on the related elements. This module should not be instantiated directly by the end user. Selenium::Remote::Driver instantiates this module when required. Typically, the find_element method in Selenium::Remote::Driver returns this object on which various element related operations can be carried out.
What is probably most useful on this page is the list of methods below that you can perform on an element once you've found one and S::R::D has made an instance of this for you.
CONSTRUCTOR
new
- id
-
Required: Pass in a string representing the ID of the object. The string should be obtained from the response object of making one of the
find_elementcalls from Selenium::Remote::Driver.The attribute is also set up to handle spec compliant element response objects via its `coerce` such that any of the following will work and are all equivalent:
my $old_elem = Selenium::Remote::WebElement->new( id => 1, driver => $driver ); my $new_remote_elem = Selenium::Remote::WebElement->new( id => { ELEMENT => 1 }, driver => $driver ); my $new_spec_elem = Selenium::Remote::WebElement->new( id => { 'element-6066-11e4-a52e-4f735466cecf' => 1 }, driver => $driver );and then after instantiation, all three would give the following for `id`:
print $elem->id; # prints 1 - driver
-
Required: Pass in a Selenium::Remote::Driver instance or one of its subclasses. The WebElement needs the appropriate Driver session to execute its commands properly.
For typical usage of S::R::D and this module, none of this matters and it should Just Work without you having to worry about it at all. For further reading, the W3C spec strictly dictates the exact behavior.
FUNCTIONS
click
Description:
Click the element.
Usage:
$elem->click();submit
Description:
Submit a FORM element. The submit command may also be applied to any element
that is a descendant of a FORM element.
Compatibility:
On webdriver3 enabled servers, this uses a JS shim, which may not submit correctly depending on the element you are attempting to submit.
Try clicking it if possible instead.
Usage:
$elem->submit();send_keys
Description:
Send a sequence of key strokes to an element. If you want to send specific
Keyboard events, then use the WDKeys module along with theis method. See e.g.
for reference
Input: 1
Required:
{ARRAY | STRING} - Array of strings or a string.
Usage:
$elem->send_keys('abcd', 'efg');
$elem->send_keys('hijk');
or
# include the WDKeys module
use Selenium::Remote::WDKeys;
.
.
$elem->send_keys(KEYS->{'space'}, KEYS->{'enter'});is_selected
Description:
Determine if an OPTION element, or an INPUT element of type checkbox or
radiobutton is currently selected.
Output:
BOOLEAN - whether the element is selected
Usage:
$elem->is_selected();set_selected
Description:
Select an OPTION element, or an INPUT element of type checkbox or radiobutton.
Forces selected=1 on the element..
Usage:
$elem->set_selected();toggle
Description:
Toggle whether an OPTION element, or an INPUT element of type checkbox or
radiobutton is currently selected.
Output:
BOOLEAN - Whether the element is selected after toggling its state.
Usage:
$elem->toggle();is_enabled
Description:
Determine if an element is currently enabled.
Output:
BOOLEAN - Whether the element is enabled.
Usage:
$elem->is_enabled();get_element_location
Description:
Determine an element's location on the page. The point (0, 0) refers to the
upper-left corner of the page.
Compatibility:
On WebDriver 3 enabled servers, this is an alias for get_element_rect().
Output:
HASH - The X and Y coordinates for the element on the page.
Usage:
$elem->get_element_location();
This method is DEPRECATED on webdriver3 enabled servers.get_size
Description:
Determine an element's size in pixels. The size will be returned with width
and height properties.
Compatibility:
On WebDriver 3 enabled servers, this is an alias for get_element_rect().
Output:
HASH - The width and height of the element, in pixels.
Usage:
$elem->get_size();
This method is DEPRECATED on webdriver3 enabled servers.get_element_rect
Get the element's size AND location in a hash.
Example Output:
{ x => 0, y => 0, height => 10, width => 10 }get_element_location_in_view
Description:
Determine an element's location on the screen once it has been scrolled
into view.
Note: This is considered an internal command and should only be used to
determine an element's location for correctly generating native events.
Compatibility:
On Webdriver3 servers, we have to implement this with a JS shim.
This means in some contexts, you won't get any position returned, as the element isn't considered an element internally.
You may have to go up the element stack to find the element that actually has the bounding box.
Output:
{x:number, y:number} The X and Y coordinates for the element on the page.
Usage:
$elem->get_element_location_in_view();get_tag_name
Description:
Query for an element's tag name.
Output:
STRING - The element's tag name, as a lowercase string.
Usage:
$elem->get_tag_name();clear
Description:
Clear a TEXTAREA or text INPUT element's value.
Usage:
$elem->clear();get_attribute
Description:
Get the value of an element's attribute.
Compatibility:
In older webDriver, this actually got the value of an element's property.
If you want to get the initial condition (e.g. the values in the tag hardcoded in HTML), pass 1 as the second argument.
This can only done on WebDriver 3 enabled servers.
Input: 2
Required:
STRING - name of the attribute of the element
Optional:
BOOLEAN - "I really mean that I want the initial condition, quit being so compatible!!!"
Output:
{STRING | NULL} The value of the attribute, or null if it is not set on the element.
Usage:
$elem->get_attribute('name',1);get_property
Gets the Current Value of an element's attribute.
Takes a named property as an argument.
Only available on WebDriver 3 enabled servers.
get_value
Description:
Query for the value of an element, as determined by its value attribute.
Output:
{STRING | NULL} The element's value, or null if it doesn't have a value attribute.
Usage:
$elem->get_value();get_style
is_displayed
Description:
Determine if an element is currently displayed.
Note: This does *not* tell you an element's 'visibility' property; as it still takes up space in the DOM and is therefore considered 'displayed'.
Output:
BOOLEAN - Whether the element is displayed.
Usage:
$elem->is_displayed();is_hidden
Description:
Determine if an element is currently hidden.
Output:
BOOLEAN - Whether the element is hidden.
Usage:
$elem->is_hidden();drag
Alias for Selenium::ActionChains::drag_and_drop().
Provide element you wish to drag to as argument.
my $target = $driver->find_element('receptacle','id');
my $subject = $driver->find_element('thingy','id');
$subject->drag($target);get_text
Description:
Get the innerText of the element.
Output:
STRING - innerText of an element
Usage:
$elem->get_text();get_css_attribute
Description:
Query the value of an element's computed CSS property. The CSS property to
query should be specified using the CSS property name, not the JavaScript
property name (e.g. background-color instead of backgroundColor).
Input: 1
Required:
STRING - name of the css-attribute
Output:
STRING - Value of the css attribute
Usage:
$elem->get_css_attribute('background-color');describe
Description:
Describe the identified element
Usage:
$elem->describe();
Note: DEPRECATED as of 2.42.2 -- use get_text, get_value, is_displayed, or
whatever appropriate WebElement function you need instead
Entirely unsupported on WebDriver 3 enabled servers.screenshot
Description:
Get a screenshot of the visible region that is a subset of the element's bounding box as a base64 encoded image.
Compatibility:
Only available on Webdriver3 enabled selenium servers.
Input (optional):
$scroll_into_view - BOOLEAN default true. If false, will not scroll the element into the viewport first.
Failing to do so may result in an image being cropped partially or entirely.
Output:
STRING - base64 encoded image
Usage:
print $element->screenshot();To conveniently write the screenshot to a file, see "capture_screenshot".
capture_screenshot
Description:
Capture a screenshot of said element and save as a PNG to provided file name.
Compatibility:
Only available on Webdriver3 enabled selenium servers.
Input (optional):
$scroll_into_view - BOOLEAN default true. If false, will not scroll the element into the viewport first.
Failing to do so may result in an image being cropped partially or entirely.
Output:
TRUE - (Screenshot is written to file)
Usage:
$element->capture_screenshot($filename);SEE ALSO
Please see those modules/websites for more information related to this module.
BUGS
Please report any bugs or feature requests on the bugtracker website https://github.com/teodesian/Selenium-Remote-Driver/issues
When submitting a bug or request, please include a test-file or a patch to an existing test-file that illustrates the bug or desired feature.
AUTHORS
Current Maintainers:
Daniel Gempesaw <gempesaw@gmail.com>
Emmanuel Peroumalnaïk <peroumalnaik.emmanuel@gmail.com>
Previous maintainers:
Luke Closs <cpan@5thplane.com>
Mark Stosberg <mark@stosberg.com>
Original authors:
Aditya Ivaturi <ivaturi@gmail.com>
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
Copyright (c) 2010-2011 Aditya Ivaturi, Gordon Child
Copyright (c) 2014-2017 Daniel Gempesaw
Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.