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Log-Log4perl-1.40
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/ Log::Log4perl::Config

NAME

Log::Log4perl::Config - Log4perl configuration file syntax

DESCRIPTION

In Log::Log4perl, configuration files are used to describe how the system's loggers ought to behave.

The format is the same as the one as used for log4j, just with a few perl-specific extensions, like enabling the Bar::Twix syntax instead of insisting on the Java-specific Bar.Twix.

Comment lines (starting with arbitrary whitespace and a #) and blank lines (all whitespace or empty) are ignored.

Also, blanks between syntactical entities are ignored, it doesn't matter if you write

log4perl.logger.Bar.Twix=WARN,Screen

or

log4perl.logger.Bar.Twix = WARN, Screen

Log::Log4perl will strip the blanks while parsing your input.

Assignments need to be on a single line. However, you can break the line if you want to by using a continuation character at the end of the line. Instead of writing

log4perl.appender.A1.layout=Log::Log4perl::Layout::SimpleLayout

you can break the line at any point by putting a backslash at the very (!) end of the line to be continued:

log4perl.appender.A1.layout=\
    Log::Log4perl::Layout::SimpleLayout

Watch out for trailing blanks after the backslash, which would prevent the line from being properly concatenated.

Loggers

Loggers are addressed by category:

log4perl.logger.Bar.Twix      = WARN, Screen

This sets all loggers under the Bar::Twix hierarchy on priority WARN and attaches a later-to-be-defined Screen appender to them. Settings for the root appender (which doesn't have a name) can be accomplished by simply omitting the name:

log4perl.logger = FATAL, Database, Mailer

This sets the root appender's level to FATAL and also attaches the later-to-be-defined appenders Database and Mailer to it.

The additivity flag of a logger is set or cleared via the additivity keyword:

log4perl.additivity.Bar.Twix = 0|1

(Note the reversed order of keyword and logger name, resulting from the dilemma that a logger name could end in .additivity according to the log4j documentation).

Appenders and Layouts

Appender names used in Log4perl configuration file lines need to be resolved later on, in order to define the appender's properties and its layout. To specify properties of an appender, just use the appender keyword after the log4perl intro and the appender's name:

    # The Bar::Twix logger and its appender
log4perl.logger.Bar.Twix = DEBUG, A1
log4perl.appender.A1=Log::Log4perl::Appender::File
log4perl.appender.A1.filename=test.log
log4perl.appender.A1.mode=append
log4perl.appender.A1.layout=Log::Log4perl::Layout::SimpleLayout

This sets a priority of DEBUG for loggers in the Bar::Twix hierarchy and assigns the A1 appender to it, which is later on resolved to be an appender of type Log::Log4perl::Appender::File, simply appending to a log file. According to the Log::Log4perl::Appender::File manpage, the filename parameter specifies the name of the log file and the mode parameter can be set to append or write (the former will append to the logfile if one with the specified name already exists while the latter would clobber and overwrite it).

The order of the entries in the configuration file is not important, Log::Log4perl will read in the entire file first and try to make sense of the lines after it knows the entire context.

You can very well define all loggers first and then their appenders (you could even define your appenders first and then your loggers, but let's not go there):

log4perl.logger.Bar.Twix = DEBUG, A1
log4perl.logger.Bar.Snickers = FATAL, A2

log4perl.appender.A1=Log::Log4perl::Appender::File
log4perl.appender.A1.filename=test.log
log4perl.appender.A1.mode=append
log4perl.appender.A1.layout=Log::Log4perl::Layout::SimpleLayout

log4perl.appender.A2=Log::Log4perl::Appender::Screen
log4perl.appender.A2.stderr=0
log4perl.appender.A2.layout=Log::Log4perl::Layout::PatternLayout
log4perl.appender.A2.layout.ConversionPattern = %d %m %n

Note that you have to specify the full path to the layout class and that ConversionPattern is the keyword to specify the printf-style formatting instructions.

Configuration File Cookbook

Here's some examples of often-used Log4perl configuration files:

Append to STDERR

log4perl.category.Bar.Twix      = WARN, Screen
log4perl.appender.Screen        = Log::Log4perl::Appender::Screen
log4perl.appender.Screen.layout = \
    Log::Log4perl::Layout::PatternLayout
log4perl.appender.Screen.layout.ConversionPattern = %d %m %n

Append to STDOUT

log4perl.category.Bar.Twix      = WARN, Screen
log4perl.appender.Screen        = Log::Log4perl::Appender::Screen
log4perl.appender.Screen.stderr = 0
log4perl.appender.Screen.layout = \
    Log::Log4perl::Layout::PatternLayout
log4perl.appender.Screen.layout.ConversionPattern = %d %m %n

Append to a log file

log4perl.logger.Bar.Twix = DEBUG, A1
log4perl.appender.A1=Log::Log4perl::Appender::File
log4perl.appender.A1.filename=test.log
log4perl.appender.A1.mode=append
log4perl.appender.A1.layout = \
    Log::Log4perl::Layout::PatternLayout
log4perl.appender.A1.layout.ConversionPattern = %d %m %n

Note that you could even leave out

log4perl.appender.A1.mode=append

and still have the logger append to the logfile by default, although the Log::Log4perl::Appender::File module does exactly the opposite. This is due to some nasty trickery Log::Log4perl performs behind the scenes to make sure that beginner's CGI applications don't clobber the log file every time they're called.

Write a log file from scratch

If you loathe the Log::Log4perl's append-by-default strategy, you can certainly override it:

log4perl.logger.Bar.Twix = DEBUG, A1
log4perl.appender.A1=Log::Log4perl::Appender::File
log4perl.appender.A1.filename=test.log
log4perl.appender.A1.mode=write
log4perl.appender.A1.layout=Log::Log4perl::Layout::SimpleLayout

write is the mode that has Log::Log4perl::Appender::File explicitely clobber the log file if it exists.

Configuration files encoded in utf-8

If your configuration file is encoded in utf-8 (which matters if you e.g. specify utf8-encoded appender filenames in it), then you need to tell Log4perl before running init():

use Log::Log4perl::Config;
Log::Log4perl::Config->utf( 1 );

Log::Log4perl->init( ... );

This makes sure Log4perl interprets utf8-encoded config files correctly. This setting might become the default at some point.

SEE ALSO

Log::Log4perl::Config::PropertyConfigurator

Log::Log4perl::Config::DOMConfigurator

Log::Log4perl::Config::LDAPConfigurator (coming soon!)

LICENSE

Copyright 2002-2012 by Mike Schilli <m@perlmeister.com> and Kevin Goess <cpan@goess.org>.

This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.

AUTHOR

Please contribute patches to the project on Github:

http://github.com/mschilli/log4perl

Send bug reports or requests for enhancements to the authors via our

MAILING LIST (questions, bug reports, suggestions/patches): log4perl-devel@lists.sourceforge.net

Authors (please contact them via the list above, not directly): Mike Schilli <m@perlmeister.com>, Kevin Goess <cpan@goess.org>

Contributors (in alphabetical order): Ateeq Altaf, Cory Bennett, Jens Berthold, Jeremy Bopp, Hutton Davidson, Chris R. Donnelly, Matisse Enzer, Hugh Esco, Anthony Foiani, James FitzGibbon, Carl Franks, Dennis Gregorovic, Andy Grundman, Paul Harrington, David Hull, Robert Jacobson, Jason Kohles, Jeff Macdonald, Markus Peter, Brett Rann, Peter Rabbitson, Erik Selberg, Aaron Straup Cope, Lars Thegler, David Viner, Mac Yang.