NAME
Bio::SeqFeature::Gene::Transcript - A feature representing a transcript
SYNOPSIS
# See documentation of methods.DESCRIPTION
A feature representing a transcript.
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Reporting Bugs
Report bugs to the Bioperl bug tracking system to help us keep track the bugs and their resolution. Bug reports can be submitted via the web:
https://github.com/bioperl/bioperl-live/issuesAUTHOR - Hilmar Lapp
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APPENDIX
The rest of the documentation details each of the object methods. Internal methods are usually preceded with a _
promoters
Title : promoters()
Usage : @proms = $transcript->promoters();
Function: Get the promoter features/sites of this transcript.
Note that OO-modeling of regulatory elements is not stable yet.
This means that this method might change or even disappear in a
future release. Be aware of this if you use it.
Returns : An array of Bio::SeqFeatureI implementing objects representing the
promoter regions or sites.
Args : add_promoter
Title : add_promoter()
Usage : $transcript->add_promoter($feature);
Function: Add a promoter feature/site to this transcript.
Note that OO-modeling of regulatory elements is not stable yet.
This means that this method might change or even disappear in a
future release. Be aware of this if you use it.
Returns :
Args : A Bio::SeqFeatureI implementing object.flush_promoters
Title : flush_promoters()
Usage : $transcript->flush_promoters();
Function: Remove all promoter features/sites from this transcript.
Note that OO-modeling of regulatory elements is not stable yet.
This means that this method might change or even disappear in a
future release. Be aware of this if you use it.
Returns : the removed features as a list
Args : noneexons
Title : exons()
Usage : @exons = $gene->exons();
($inital_exon) = $gene->exons('Initial');
Function: Get all exon features or all exons of specified type of this
transcript.
Exon type is treated as a case-insensitive regular expression and
is optional. For consistency, use only the following types:
initial, internal, terminal.
Returns : An array of Bio::SeqFeature::Gene::ExonI implementing objects.
Args : An optional string specifying the primary_tag of the feature.exons_ordered
Title : exons_ordered
Usage : @exons = $gene->exons_ordered();
@exons = $gene->exons_ordered("Internal");
Function: Get an ordered list of all exon features or all exons of specified
type of this transcript.
Exon type is treated as a case-insensitive regular expression and
is optional. For consistency, use only the following types:
Returns : An array of Bio::SeqFeature::Gene::ExonI implementing objects.
Args : An optional string specifying the primary_tag of the feature.add_exon
Title : add_exon()
Usage : $transcript->add_exon($exon,'initial');
Function: Add a exon feature to this transcript.
The second argument denotes the type of exon. Mixing exons with and
without a type is likely to cause trouble in exons(). Either
leave out the type for all exons or for none.
Presently, the following types are known: initial, internal,
terminal, utr, utr5prime, and utr3prime (all case-insensitive).
UTR should better be added through utrs()/add_utr().
If you wish to use other or additional types, you will almost
certainly have to call exon_type_sortorder() in order to replace
the default sort order, or mrna(), cds(), protein(), and exons()
may yield unexpected results.
Returns :
Args : A Bio::SeqFeature::Gene::ExonI implementing object.
A string indicating the type of the exon (optional).flush_exons
Title : flush_exons()
Usage : $transcript->flush_exons();
$transcript->flush_exons('terminal');
Function: Remove all or a certain type of exon features from this transcript.
See add_exon() for documentation about types.
Calling without a type will not flush UTRs. Call flush_utrs() for
this purpose.
Returns : the deleted features as a list
Args : A string indicating the type of the exon (optional).introns
Title : introns()
Usage : @introns = $gene->introns();
Function: Get all intron features this gene structure.
Note that this implementation generates these features
on-the-fly, that is, it simply treats all regions between
exons as introns, assuming that exons do not overlap. A
consequence is that a consistent correspondence between the
elements in the returned array and the array that exons()
returns will exist only if the exons are properly sorted
within their types (forward for plus- strand and reverse
for minus-strand transcripts). To ensure correctness the
elements in the array returned will always be sorted.
Returns : An array of Bio::SeqFeature::Gene::Intron objects representing
the intron regions.
Args : poly_A_site
Title : poly_A_site()
Usage : $polyAsite = $transcript->poly_A_site();
Function: Get/set the poly-adenylation feature/site of this transcript.
Returns : A Bio::SeqFeatureI implementing object representing the
poly-adenylation region.
Args : A Bio::SeqFeatureI implementing object on set, or FALSE to flush
a previously set object.utrs
Title : utrs()
Usage : @utr_sites = $transcript->utrs('utr3prime');
@utr_sites = $transcript->utrs('utr5prime');
@utr_sites = $transcript->utrs();
Function: Get the features representing untranslated regions (UTR) of this
transcript.
You may provide an argument specifying the type of UTR. Currently
the following types are recognized: utr5prime utr3prime for UTR on the
5' and 3' end of the CDS, respectively.
Returns : An array of Bio::SeqFeature::Gene::UTR objects
representing the UTR regions or sites.
Args : Optionally, either utr3prime, or utr5prime for the the type of UTR
feature.add_utr
Title : add_utr()
Usage : $transcript->add_utr($utrobj, 'utr3prime');
$transcript->add_utr($utrobj);
Function: Add a UTR feature/site to this transcript.
The second parameter is optional and denotes the type of the UTR
feature. Presently recognized types include 'utr5prime' and 'utr3prime'
for UTR on the 5' and 3' end of a gene, respectively.
Calling this method is the same as calling
add_exon($utrobj, 'utr'.$type). In this sense a UTR object is a
special exon object, which is transcribed, not spliced out, but
not translated.
Note that the object supplied should return FALSE for is_coding().
Otherwise cds() and friends will become confused.
Returns :
Args : A Bio::SeqFeature::Gene::UTR implementing object.flush_utrs
Title : flush_utrs()
Usage : $transcript->flush_utrs();
$transcript->flush_utrs('utr3prime');
Function: Remove all or a specific type of UTR features/sites from this
transcript.
Cf. add_utr() for documentation about recognized types.
Returns : a list of the removed features
Args : Optionally a string denoting the type of UTR feature.sub_SeqFeature
Title : sub_SeqFeature
Usage : @feats = $transcript->sub_SeqFeature();
Function: Returns an array of all subfeatures.
This method is defined in Bio::SeqFeatureI. We override this here
to include the exon etc features.
Returns : An array Bio::SeqFeatureI implementing objects.
Args : noneflush_sub_SeqFeature
Title : flush_sub_SeqFeature
Usage : $transcript->flush_sub_SeqFeature();
$transcript->flush_sub_SeqFeature(1);
Function: Removes all subfeatures.
This method is overridden from Bio::SeqFeature::Generic to flush
all additional subfeatures like exons, promoters, etc., which is
almost certainly not what you want. To remove only features added
through $transcript->add_sub_SeqFeature($feature) pass any
argument evaluating to TRUE.
Example :
Returns : none
Args : Optionally, an argument evaluating to TRUE will suppress flushing
of all transcript-specific subfeatures (exons etc.).cds
Title : cds
Usage : $seq = $transcript->cds();
Function: Returns the CDS (coding sequence) as defined by the exons
of this transcript and the attached sequence.
If no sequence is attached this method will return false.
Note that the implementation provided here returns a
concatenation of all coding exons, thereby assuming that
exons do not overlap.
Note also that you cannot set the CDS via this method. Set
a single CDS feature as a single exon, or derive your own
class if you want to store a predicted CDS.
Example :
Returns : A Bio::PrimarySeqI implementing object.
Args : protein
Title : protein()
Usage : $protein = $transcript->protein();
Function: Get the protein encoded by the transcript as a sequence object.
The implementation provided here simply calls translate() on the
object returned by cds().
Returns : A Bio::PrimarySeqI implementing object.
Args : mrna
Title : mrna()
Usage : $mrna = $transcript->mrna();
Function: Get the mRNA of the transcript as a sequence object.
The difference to cds() is that the sequence object returned by
this methods will also include UTR and the poly-adenylation site,
but not promoter sequence (TBD).
HL: do we really need this method?
Returns : A Bio::PrimarySeqI implementing object.
Args : features
Title : features
Usage : my @features=$transcript->features;
Function: returns all the features associated with this transcript
Returns : a list of SeqFeatureI implementing objects
Args : nonefeatures_ordered
Title : features_ordered
Usage : my @features=$transcript->features_ordered;
Function: returns all the features associated with this transcript,
in order by feature start, according to strand
Returns : a list of SeqFeatureI implementing objects
Args : none